|
Brunello di Montalcino is a red Italian wine produced in the vineyards surrounding the town of Montalcino located about 120 km south of Florence in the Tuscany wine region. Brunello, a diminutive of Bruno, a male given name which means brown, is the name that was given locally to what was believed to be an individual grape variety grown in Montalcino. In 1879 the Province of Siena's Amphelographic Commission determined, after a few years of controlled experiments, that Sangiovese and Brunello were the same grape variety, and that the former should be its designated name.〔Kerin O'Keefe ''Brunello di Montalcino. Understanding and Appreciating One of Italy's Greatest Wines'' University of California Press 2012 ISBN 0-520-26564-5 〕 In Montalcino the name Brunello evolved into the designation of the wine produced with 100% Sangiovese.〔 In 1980, Brunello di Montalcino was awarded the first ''Denominazione di Origine Controllata e Garantita'' (DOCG) designation and today is one of Italy's best-known and most expensive wines.〔M. Ewing-Mulligan & E. McCarthy ''Italian Wines for Dummies'' pp. 159-–61 Hungry Minds 2001 ISBN 0-7645-5355-0〕 ==History== One of the first records of "Brunello" was a red wine that was made in the Montalcino area in the early 14th century. In 1831, marchese Cosimo Ridolfi (who was later appointed Prime Minister of Tuscany by the Grand Duke Leopold II) praised the merits of the red wines of Montalcino above all others in Tuscany. In 1865, an agricultural fair in Montalcino noted that the prize winning wine of the event was a "select red wine" known as a Brunello.〔J. Robinson (ed) ''The Oxford Companion to Wine'' Third Edition pp. 106–107 Oxford University Press 2006 ISBN 0-19-860990-6〕 In the mid-19th century, a local farmer named Clemente Santi isolated certain plantings of Sangiovese vines in order to produce a 100% varietal wine that could be aged for a considerable period of time.〔 In 1888, his grandson Ferruccio Biondi-Santi—a veteran soldier who fought under Giuseppe Garibaldi during the ''Risorgimento''—released the first "modern version" of ''Brunello di Montalcino'' that was aged for over a decade in large wood barrels.〔K. MacNeil ''The Wine Bible'' pp. 382–384 Workman Publishing 2001 ISBN 1-56305-434-5〕〔H. Johnson ''Vintage: The Story of Wine'' pg 423 Simon and Schuster 1989 ISBN 0-671-68702-6〕〔H. Johnson & J. Robinson ''The World Atlas of Wine'' pg 179 Mitchell Beazley Publishing 2005 ISBN 1-84000-332-4〕 By the end of World War II, Brunello di Montalcino had developed a reputation as one of Italy's rarest wines. The only commercial producer recorded in government documents was the Biondi-Santi firm, which had declared only four vintages up to that point—1888, 1891, 1925, and 1945. The high price and prestige of these wines soon encouraged other producers to emulate Biondi-Santi's success. By the 1960s there were 11 producers making Brunello, and in 1968 the region was granted ''Denominazione di Origine Controllata'' (DOC) status. By 1970 the number of producers had more than doubled to 25, and by 1980 there were 53 producers. In 1980, the Montalcino region was the first Italian wine region to be awarded ''Denominazione di Origine Controllata e Garantita'' (DOCG) designation. By the turn of the 21st century, there were nearly 200 producers of Brunello di Montalcino, mostly small farmers and family estates, producing nearly 330,000 cases a year.〔 In 2008, Italian authorities confiscated four producers' 2003 Brunello on charges that the producers had committed fraud by including foreign varietals such as Cabernet Sauvignon and Merlot in the wine that they then fraudulently labeled as Brunello di Montalcino, which by law may only contain Sangiovese grapes.〔(Cooke, Jo. "Brunello Under Fire: Italian authorities impound wines as part of an investigation." ''Wine Spectator''. 3 April 2008. )〕 Laboratory tests later confirmed that the confiscated wines were in fact Brunello except for a small portion that remained inconclusive.〔(Cooke, Jo. "Banfi's Brunello Cleared: Lab tests conclude all but a small percentage is 100 percent Sangiovese; a small amount tests inconclusive and will be declassified". ''Wine Spectator'' 20 October 2008. )〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Brunello di Montalcino」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
|